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Eutrophication boosts the competitive advantage of invasive gibel carp over endangered crucian carp

by: Tapkir, Sandip; Boukal, David; Kalous, Lukáš; Thomas, Kiran; Stepanyshyna, Yevdokiia; Kolar, Vojtech; Duchet, Claire; Šmejkal, Marek

Publication date: 2025-9-26
Usage: Attribution 4.0 International
Topics: Biodiversity loss, growth rates, interspecific competition, invasive species, nutrient enrichment, survival
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Collection: biodiversity
Contributor: Pensoft Publishers
Language: English
Rights: https://biodiversitylibrary.org/permissions
Rights-holder: Copyright held by individual article author(s).
Volume: 101
Item Size: 29.4M

Abstract: Anthropogenic eutrophication poses a significant threat to freshwater environments globally. It also influences the population dynamics of invasive and native species, yet the cumulative effects of eutrophication and invasive species on native organisms are not well understood. We used invasive gibel carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782) and native crucian carp (Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758) as model taxa to investigate how eutrophication influences their interspecific competition. Carassius carassius is being outcompeted by invasive C. gibelio across most of its native range, and eutrophication may play a role in the competitive displacement of C. carassius. We explored how varying eutrophication levels influence growth and survival of both species in laboratory and mesocosm experiments, where we exposed them to different feeding rations and nutrient levels, respectively. We hypothesized that (1) C. gibelio benefits more from increased nutrient levels than C. carassius—which favors invasive C. gibelio over native C. carassius in interspecific competition—and that (2) the growth and survival of C. carassius deteriorate under interspecific competition with C. gibelio compared to intraspecific competition. Our experiments revealed that excess nutrient availability was more beneficial to the invasive C. gibelio. Overall, C. gibelio individuals grew more than C. carassius, and the difference between the two species increased with nutrient levels in both experiments, especially in the weight of smaller individuals. Moreover, interspecific competition led to lower survival in C. carassius but not in C. gibelio in the mesocosm experiment. This study shows that eutrophication may modulate interspecific competition, and cultural eutrophication of freshwater habitats may enhance the success of invasive species.
Graphical abstract
Addeddate: 2025-09-27 02:13:11
Bhl_virtual_titleid: 210923
Bhl_virtual_volume: v.101 (2025)
Call number: 10_3897_neobiota_101_167955
Call-number: 10_3897_neobiota_101_167955
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Genre: article
Identifier: eutrophicationb101tapk
Identifier-ark: ark:/13960/s2dvc81n4b4
Identifier-bib: 10_3897_neobiota_101_167955
Identifier-doi: 10.3897/neobiota.101.167955
Ocr: tesseract 5.3.0-6-g76ae
Ocr_detected_lang: en
Ocr_detected_lang_conf: 1.0000
Ocr_detected_script: Latin
Ocr_detected_script_conf: 1.0000
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Ocr_parameters: -l eng
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Page_range: 161-184
Pages: 24
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Possible copyright status: In copyright. Digitized with the permission of the rights holder.
Ppi: 300
Source: NeoBiota 101
Year: 2025